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In fly fishing, flies are generally divided into four types of artificial flies. (Flies are also called lures in some countries.) 

They are:

1       Dry flies

2 Wet flies

3 Nymphs

4 Streamers

The categories of flies can cross into each other.  There are no real strict guidelines for classifying the flies as depending on the countries, traditions of terminology.  (Some anglers also classify emerges as another category of flies. These sit partially underneath the surface and partially on top of the water, imitating things like newly emerging mayflies.)



Dry flies sit on the top of the water.  They imitate insects sitting on the surface like mayflies, midges, caddis flies, beetles, grasshoppers, spiders and spinners to name a few types. They can be fished still, drifting with the current or wind, or fished with small twitches or rapid pulls. Using dry flies can be exhilarating experience as you can see the fish strike the fly.   Dries are used seasonally in lakes and rivers and are generally effective when fish are actively feeding on insects on top of the water.  Dry flies are normally made of light buoyant materials or are tied with hackles that help the fly sit on the water surface.  A floatant spray or gel is applied to the dry fly to make it buoyant.  A couple of false casts will also help dry it.



Wet flies as the name suggest that the fly is fished in the water, either.  The flies can imitate small baitfish, leeches, frogs, crawdad's and swimming insects.  Wets can be fished just under the surface with dead drifts, slow twitches up to fast retrieves.  Some times a take will occur as the fly is sinking.  For getting wets deep down, weighted or bead heads are effective, especially when combined with intermediate or sinking fly lines.



Nymphs are a very effective and a common world wide food source in rivers and lakes.  Nymphs can be fished on the drop, drifting, and slow to medium retrieves, either just under the surface or deep down. They imitate the underwater stage of insects like mayfly nymphs, stoneflies and damselfly nymphs. A good portion of a trout’s diet consists of nymphs in most seasons and waters. A long leader and tippet is effective for nymphing, especially in clear or over fished waters.

Streamers are bigger wet flies imitating baitfish like minnows, sculpins and bigger appetizing food.  Streamers usually work best near the bottom and are generally quickly retrieved for salmon, bigger trout and also for saltwater fish. Bigger flies like streamers, may also result in a bigger catch, although don’t be surprised when your four inch streamer lands a small twelve inch trout.  Artificial streamers can be colorful and have a mixture of assorted fly tying materials.

Dry flies, wets, nymphs and streamers are all effective in the right environment. The secret to getting the most out your fishing is to use different techniques and test all the time. Don’t be afraid to try different types of flies and patterns, especially if the fishing is slow. So no matter what country you live in and regardless of how you classify your flies, just make sure you have various types of flies to cover all fly fishing conditions and fish. Now you are ready to catch the big one!

© 2008-2009 Fly Fishing Fish



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Selecting the first fly-fishing outfit is the most difficult step once you have decided to participate in fly-fishing. Five essential items make up a fishing outfit. They are the line, rod, leader, reel and the fly. It is essential that each item of the outfit works in an efficient manner and is comfortable for your use. When all these items work together efficiently, the outfit is considered as balanced. Success in fly-fishing depends on the outfit, and therefore it is important to select the right outfit suitable for you. Some basic tips on how to select each of these items is given below:

1. The fly fishing line:

The first item to select is the line. This is because the line weight is the important factor. There are many different types of lines available and it is essential to choose the right one. The line weight designation in the code should match the one on the rod, which will be used. Beginners in fly-fishing can select the double tapered line, which is most commonly used. The various types of lines include weight forward, level line, tapered line and shooting taper. The floating function should be chosen for your first line. A floating line would be suited to your needs for fly-fishing. The line weight would depend on where you will be going to fish.

2. Fly fishing rod:

The three key things to consider while choosing the fly fishing rod are its length, its action and the material it is made up of. Fly-fishing rods are usually made from bamboo, fiberglass, baron or graphite. Fiberglass is the cheapest material used for fishing rods, but it is not convenient in terms of diameter and weight. Bamboo or cane rods are usually handcrafted works of art and are very expensive. These require a lot of care compared to synthetic fly fishing rods. Graphite fly-fishing rods are lightweight and durable and enable the angler to perform any action easily. Therefore, these are the most popular fly fishing rods. Baron fishing rods are the most expensive among the synthetic rods.

3. The fly fishing Reel:

There are 3 types of fishing reels: single action, automatic and multiplier. The most basic of the three is the single action fly reel, which should be selected for a first fly-fishing outfit. Multiplier and automatic fishing reel are not practical for a beginner.

4. Fly leader :

The fly leader is a tiny portion of monofilament line used to fasten the end of the fly line to the fly. The power generated at the time of the cast must be transferred from the end of the fly line to the fly, therefore the correct leader must be chosen. Factors playing a role in the selection of a fly leader are whether the fly leader should be straight or tapered, whether it should be knotless or knotted. The tippet size and the weight of the lead should also be considered.

5. Fishing Fly:

Choosing the fly for your fly fishing outfit depends on factors like the kind of fish you will be targeting and where you will be fishing. It is also a matter of personal preference.

The 5 items of your balanced fly fishing out fit are now chosen. What are you waiting for? Go out there and cast your line to catch those fish and enjoy your adventure!



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If you have heard of fly-fishing and you do not know what it is, it is a style angling that has a history tracing back to the ancient times. Fly fishing has a big difference from the fishing style we are used today which uses a reel and a rod, the fly-fisherman goes into the water and lures the fish to bite using his expert skills. The main difference of fly-fishing from the fishing style we are used to is the bait and method being used by the angler and also the fly fishing equipment.

Although fly fishing equipment has a reel and a rod it works differently from the usual open spool reels. Fly rods are made up of fiber glass or other complex materials and are flexible and light. Before catching a fish or purchasing your fly fishing equipment you must know the type of the fish you are going to catch because fly rods have different lengths. Usually a fly angler catches a salmon or a trout but it can also be an effective way of catching other types of fish.

Another distinctive feature that a fly rod has is the kind of fishing line which is usually thicker comparing it to any other kind of angling line.

Fly rod is not just an important fly fishing equipment but the weight, type and color of the artificial fly is also a part of the art of angling for a fly fisherman. There are various categories of flies they are partially submerged flies, surface floating flies and below surface flies each has its own particular way of casting.

Fly fishing equipment usually can be costly but not all the parts are expensive the most expensive part is the flying rod, flies and flying line are not. For people who are experienced in fly fishing they can eventually make their own flies to use. When you make your own fly you can customize it and most of all you can save a lot of money. If you want to experience how it feels to do fly fishing the best method to do it is with the help of an expert and he can also give you complete details regarding fly fishing equipment.

If you are the kind of person that loves adventure, likes doing things differently fly fishing is one great activity to be involved in. Somehow fly fishing is an "antique technique" that has been handed down from generation to generation. Fly fishing is a leisure that can last forever with the correct knowledge and equipment.



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Most serious anglers have refined their techniques over time and experience in order to improve their catch.  Reading up on new techniques and products are also good ideas, and so is listening to other angler’s stories.  However, it is still good to remember the fly fishing basics.  Anglers have been catching fish with the basic rod and line for centuries, so going back to the fly fishing fundamentals or the ABC’s of the sport will go a long way in improving not only your fly fishing technique but your catch as well.  So, what are those fly fishing basics we have forgotten? 

Getting the Cast Right is Crucial

One of the most important fly fishing basics is the cast.  The cast is probably the most talked about topic among anglers.  A cast that is too forceful will cause the line to hit the water hard which startles the fish.  Even experienced anglers have a hard time switching from a typical cast to a good fly fishing cast.  What usually happens when you fish with a typical rod and reel is that the bait and hook are heavy and they are what pull the line to the designated target.  In fly fishing, it is the opposite.  The fly is almost weightless while the line is heavy.  When casting from a fly fishing rod, the line pulls the fly behind it.  This is why a light and gentle touch is one of the most important fly fishing basics.  Even the most experienced angler forget this technique once in a while so it is important to practice, even when you are not in the water. 

How to Practice Casting

In order to keep the gentle touch, practice in your yard. 

Tie a piece of yarn on where the fly usually is.  Cast your rod back and forth and aim for a distance some 10-20 feet away.  Work on your cast until you hit your target consistently.  Even if you are an experienced angler, working on your cast is a good part of the fly fishing basics.  Just like a good golfer practices his swing all the time, a consistent and accurate cast is just as vital to fly fishermen. Take Time to Study Currents in the Water

Another oft forgotten fly fishing basic is reading the water and using common sense.  When fishing in water where the water runs fast, you may want to toss your line to the edge as most fish prefer this area so as not to be dragged by the swift current.  During hot summer days, fish may want to hide in shaded areas like fallen trees, so look for good cover.  In fly fishing, the distance between you and the fish is smaller, so you will need a lot of patience so you can stand still and not disturb the fish.  These tips may seem obvious but some anglers forget these fly fishing fundamentals in their rush to cast their line into the water!

Don't Spend Money on Fancy Equipment to Improve your Performance, Spend Time Developing Your Skills for Free

Most of us get caught up in the technology or product or techniques of fly fishing that we forget to concentrate on the fly fishing basics.  We have to remember that by giving attention to the fly fishing basics, we increase the chance of having fun thereby increasing the chances of having a fun filled fishing experience. 

 



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Everyone knows the basics of fishing. There's a rod, reel, fishing line, hook, bait; you cast the line, wait for a bite, and reel in your dinner. Experienced fishermen know there is more to it than that, but for most of us that description appropriately sums it up. However, there are many types of fishing, such as salt water and fresh water, and perhaps the most artful of them all, fly fishing. You have probably heard of fly fishing - it has been in recorded history for nearly 2000 years - and you probably know that it does not involve fishing for flies, but if that is all you know then a primer in fly fishing basics can bring you up to speed.

Unlike other forms of fishing, fly fishing does not typically use any kind of organic bait, live or dead. Instead, fly fisherman use artificial flies - ribbon, string, hair, feathers - as a lure to attract fish. The artificial flies are attached to the hook and line, and the fisherman attracts fish with movement that makes the fly look like an insect that is moving on or above the surface of the water. The nature of that artificial bait is the first and most important element to understand when examining fly fishing basics.

Another aspect of fly fishing basics, an aspect that separates fly fishing from most other variations of fishing, is the way the line is cast. Other kinds of fishing rely on casting a line and attracting fish with the bait, but fly fishing requires a much more skillful method of luring the fish. A fly fisherman casts his lure toward the fish and uses rhythmic movements to make the lure fly above the water, skimming the top, or even diving under the surface, all in an effort to replicate the movements of an insect that might entice a hungry fish to strike.

If you understand fly fishing basics, you might wonder what you need to give it a try. Fly fishermen usually use rods that are longer and lighter than typical fishing rods. The reel used is typically quite simple because it is generally used only to retrieve the hook and lure - and hopefully a fish! Before casting, fly fishermen usually create slack in the line by pulling some from the reel. That slack allows the lure to fly freely to the targeted area. Choosing the proper lure is another aspect of fly fishing basics that one should understand before setting off to cast their line.

Fly fishing implies that the lure is intended to resemble the characteristics of flies, but fly fishing is hardly limited to that. The sport has evolved in recent years, and many fly fishermen now choose lures and casting techniques that mimic the primary prey of the fish they are attempting to catch. However, specific baits and the eating characteristics of various species of fish are beyond the realm of fly fishing basics.

An understanding of fly fishing basics is not enough to prepare one to head off to the nearest lake or stream. If you are interested in expanding your knowledge, or trying fly fishing yourself, spend some time reading on the subject, and if possible seek the tutelage of an experienced fly fisherman. Only then can you begin to understand more than fly fishing basics, such as specific recommendations on rods, reels, line weight, lures, and most important, the great places where fly fisherman must make a pilgrimage.



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Fly fishing is a sport that has been around for hundreds of years but nobody really knew about it until the last couple of centuries when it gained popularity in Britain and in the United States. For some, fly fishing is just "that thing where they fling a big long fishing line over their heads and try not to catch themselves on it." For others fly fishing is "the subject of a movie that had Brad Pitt in it" you know the one, from a long time ago?? For the fly fishing enthusiast though, fly fishing is a sport and the best way to educate others on fly fishing is with a fly fishing guide.

This article aims to be a very basic fly fishing guide and will take you through some of the history of fly fishing as well as a basic overview of how to fly fish.

The earliest writings of fly fishing that have been found so far are dated around the second century AD. After that there is a gap of roughly thirteen hundred years as the next fly fishing writings that we know about were published in the late 1400s. After those writings were published, the sport lost notoriety until the nineteenth century when the British elite fell in love with the sport. In the late 1800s, fly fishing became very popular in Britain and it quickly became the sport of choice among the British upper class and well-to-do society members. It wasn?t long before very elite fly fishing clubs were formed. These clubs were small and honored the traditional methods of fly fishing. They were appalled by the American practices of fly fishing which involved all members of society no matter what their social ranking and also involved the attempt to improve upon the traditional methods of the sport. The American fly fishers are famous for constructing new rods, new line and new reels.

The best way to learn how to fly fish is to find yourself a good fly fishing guide as this is a sport that is not easily learned from books. It is better to go out to the water with your fly fishing guide and have him or her teach you the basics of casting, reeling and landing your fish.

Basically to fly fish you have to know how to cast. If you don't know how to cast, you will need to find a fly fishing guide who can show you how because you just can't learn how to cast from the written word. There are two types of casts you will want your fly fishing guide to teach you: the "C" cast and the "J" cast.

In the event that you can't find a good fly fishing guide, there are lots of fishing courses available that you can take. A quick search through the internet will locate a fly fishing class in your local area. Once you learn how to fly fish, you can be a fly fishing guide for others. The sport is incredibly popular and growing by the day.



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Although most flies represent water insects, a terrestrial fly is made to imitate a land insect that has fallen into the water. The two most common terrestrials that are imitated for fly fishing are the ant and the grasshopper.

Although there are hundreds of  types of flies used for fly fishing, most of them fall into five specific categories, or types.  These types are dry flies, wet flies, nymphs, streamers and buck tails, and terrestrials. The main purpose of the fly is to imitate an insect that the fish wants to eat.

A dry fly imitates a natural insect that is floating on the top of the water. Fish are very sensitive to any motion of their water and how currents move the insects they want for food. In fly fishing, if a dry fly is moving even slightly against the current, the fish will have nothing to do with it. The fly  may look like something the fish recognizes but it is not acting the same an insect would. The fish recognizes it as something foreign in the water and leaves it alone.

In fly fishing, a wet fly is imitating a drowned, or drowning,  natural insect and is fished below the water surface.  No one is sure if the wet fly is seen as a drowning adult insect or a nymph from the perspective of the fish. Most fly fishermen today seem to believe that it is seen as a nymph. Because of this less and less wet flies are being sold. Wet fly fishing is the oldest form of fly fishing. It dates  back to descriptions of the early Macedonian people.

A nymph is the stage between an egg and the adult in the life cycle of an insect. In fly fishing, flies that resemble nymphs are growing popularity. The nymph fly is just below the surface of the water. When a fish bulges the water without breaking the surface, he is nymphing. This means that the fish is eating the natural nymphs just as they are emerging from their shell. This is what a nymph fly imitates.

Streamers and buck tail flies do not imitate any part of the insect's life cycle. These types of fly fishing flies are much larger and represent small bait  fish such as sculpin minnows. The main difference between theses two types of flies is that streamers are tied with feathers, and bucktails are tied completely with hair. Fly fishing that uses these two types of flies generally requires more rod and line manipulation. The movements are supposed to duplicate the motions of the little fish. 

Besides these basic five categories of flies, there are many other kinds of flies that are used for fly fishing. Some of them are a combination of one or more of the basic categories and some do not fit into any group. The most important thing to remember is that it doesn't matter how the fly looks to you, the fisherman. It matters how the fly looks to the fish.



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Once upon a time, fly fishing was viewed as a manly sport. This could be due in the part to the old elitist status of this sport. The nostalgia too, tends to be in favor of the masculine involvement about fly fishing. Today, fly fishing is appropriately recognized to be a great fishing sport option for both men and women. Essentially, estimates say that there are almost over a million women today, who participate in fly fishing. A few estimates say that women account for about 15-20% of the modern fly fishers.

More interestingly, the initial book about fly fishing, which was ever published, was written by Dame Juliana Berners. She published the book "A Treatyse of Fysshynge wyth an Angle" in the 1496. She is reported being a noblewoman and a nun. Berners certainly would have tied and also fished her artificial flies. Currently, there are such equally influential women who have involved in the environs of fly fishing.

There is a huge and growing market which caters to fly fishing dedicated to women. Few outfitters are dedicated about teaching women how to fly fish. Some outfitters have reported that women, who participate in classes of fly fishing, routinely outnumber the men. Many fishing clubs for ladies are becoming very popular, especially around common fly fishing areas.

Extreme physical strength is essentially not required in case of fish flying. Fly fishing is often more about the speed, style and finesse. Women usually do very well when they fly fish.

The catch-and-release ethos which is common in fly fishing might also appeal to most women. Conventional fishing often closely matches hunting trips with an objective about bringing home food. However, sport fishing activities including fly fishing usually are more about thrill of catch. Great memories and Photos are usually the only things brought home from the trips of fly fishing. The fishes often stay perfectly wherever they are. Most fly fishers also use barbless hooks today to implement the catch-and-release fly fishing easily.

Fly fishing would provide great opportunities for getting out in nature not having to harm and kill anything at all. There are of course women, who fish for supper but most people today, both women and men, enjoy fly fishing due to the opportunity it has provided for getting in touch with the nature. The hobby of fly fishing is quite a relaxing sport; however, it also assists in providing good exercise all at one time. Rhythms of the cast seem to soothe many of them. Such fly fishing also provides the opportunity to see varieties of birdlife and wildlife in the natural environment. Furthermore, the scenic backdrops in most fly fishing areas are again simply wonderful to admire.

Fly fishing groups and clubs provide camaraderie and social networking opportunities. Women and men both enjoy such benefits. Along with the start of the women-only fishing groups and clubs quite many women have found a home with the fly fishing activity.

Manufacturers have also recognized the significant increase about the participation by women. Ladies now buy waders which are essentially designed for them, rather than relying upon the men's' sizes they earlier looked out for. Fly fishing rods too, are being designed keeping women's fly fishing in mind. Women's fly rods are made to be considerably lighter and have much smaller handles. Such improvements are great pieces of news for every woman who enjoys the sport of fly fishing.

Fly fishing is indeed a great sport no matter who you are; man or a woman, adults or children. Everyone could enjoy a day or two out, fly fishing.



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Fly-fishing, a fun sport

Fly-fishing is an ancient angling method especially effective in catching trout and salmon. This distinct method of angling uses artificial flies to lure or excite fish. Fly-fishing helps anglers catch the fish easier than the traditional way.

There are two basic forms of fly-fishing, dry flies and wet flies.

Dry flies need coating with floatant in order for it to sit in the surface of the water. Dry flies are mostly effective in upstream and moving water. Dry flies help anglers' spot where fish resides like pools and pocket in streams. Thus, it is easier to detect them and catch the fish.

The use of wet flies is beneath the surface of the water. Wet flies are nymphs, lures and true wet flies. It works as effective as dry flies except that in cases where weeds are many and almost touching the surface, wet flies blends with the weeds and thus may not be as effective as the dry flies.

Fly-fishing was developed in the 19th century, dry fly technique is very effective especially for slower and clearer rivers.

This is because weeds in rich rivers tend to grow closer to the surface, thus traditional wet fly fishing is almost ineffective. Dry fly fishing is thus useful by keeping the fly and the line floating on the surface. This makes fish excited and aggressive; the angler can then spot the location of the fish and in turn catches fish easier.

Later developments of fly-fishing made this concept as basis, thus in the latter part of the 19th century, anglers develop love for fly-fishing. This gave birth to fly-fishing, the sport among its aficionados.

Various parts of the United States host fly-fishing sports such as in the waters of Catskill Mountains of New York and the provinces of Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, British Columbia, Alberta and California.

Anglers in North America also develop various literatures pertaining to fly-fishing. The sport of fly-fishing and all these literatures gave North America the reputation of being the birthplace of dry fly-fishing, specifically the City of Calgary, Alberta. It is arguably one of the world's best trout rivers, thus it remains to be the epicenter for the Western Fly Fishing in North America.

Various other states in America keeps the growing number of fly-fishers such as Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah and Arkansas. The growing number of anglers that are drawn to the sport of fly-fishing keeps the popularity at its peak.

Dry or wet fly-fishing, whichever is more effective in the rivers where you fish will help keep the sport exciting. It may not be long that other countries will learn to love the sport and make it a globally loved sport.

How does fly-fishing work?

Fly fishing uses longer and lighter rods; sizes vary from 2m (6 ft) for fresh water and up to 4m (14 ft) for salt water fly-fishing. Weight for fresh water rods are between two to five ounces.

Popular types of casts in fly-fishing follow its variety in situation specifics. Anglers uses common cast when the angler whisks the fly rod forward and back using his forearm and upper arm, the wrist is used to soften the motion.

The rod movement varies from 10 o'clock position to 2 o'clock position without touching the ground. Anglers do this to load the rod tip with energy and to travel the fly line creating distance and control; they call this motion false casting.

False casting needs to be done to excite the fish or make it aggressive enough so that when the fly touches the surface, it will be sure that the area where the fly touches is where most of the fish are located and thus will be easier to spot and catch them.

Whether you are a fly-fishing aficionado for outdoor excitement or having fun with your family, using the proper equipment will help you develop love for the sport. Keep it exciting and enjoy fishing at its finest in most popular fly-fishing locations in the country. There are many locations, thus you will not have a problem in spotting nice locations for you and your family for this wonderful outdoor adventure.



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